Genetic analysis of giant pandas has shown that features of their landscape have a profound effect on the movement of genes within their population. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Genetics found that physical barriers, such as areas lacking bamboo plants and other forest foliage, can separate giant pandas into isolated genetic groups. [...]
Archive for the ‘Life Sciences’ Category
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Hijacked Supplies for Pathogens: Legionnaire’s Disease Bacteria Tap Into the Material Transport in Immune Cells
July 26th, 2010 Legionnaire’s disease bacteria tap into the material transport in immune cells. When it infects the lungs, the Legionnaire’s bacterium Legionella pneumophila causes acute pneumonia. The pathogen’s modus operandi is particularly ingenious: it infiltrates deliberately into cells of the human immune system and injects a host of proteins which then interfere in the normal cellular processes. [...]
Human Sperm Gene Is 600 Million Years Old, Scientists Discover
July 16th, 2010 Just as styles in sexy clothes or fashion change from year to year and culture to culture, “sexy” genes, or genes specific to sex, also change rapidly. But there is one sex-specific gene so vital, its function has remained unaltered throughout evolution and is found in almost all animals, according to new research from Northwestern [...]
Incidence of Malaria Jumps When Amazon Forests Are Cut, Study Finds
June 17th, 2010 Now, however, a team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, writing in the current (June 16, 2010) online issue of the CDC journal Emerging Infectious Diseases, presents the most enumerated case to date linking increased incidence of malaria to land-use practices in the Amazon. The report, which combines detailed information on the incidence of malaria [...]
Climate Change Threatens Food Supply of 60 Million People in Asia
June 17th, 2010 According to an article by three Utrecht University researchers published in the journal Science on 11 June, climate change will drastically reduce the discharge of snow and ice meltwater in a region of the Himalayas, threatening the food security of more than 60 million people in Asia in the coming decades. The Indus and Brahmaputra basins [...]
Wild Potato Germplasm Holds Key to Disease Resistance
June 16th, 2010 Wild potato germplasm that offers resistance to some major potato diseases has been identified by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists. Geneticists Dennis Halterman and Shelley Jansky pinpointed the resistant wild potato species in studies at the ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit in Madison, Wis. Halterman has identified a wild potato species called Solanum verrucosum that contains [...]
Yellow Fever Vaccine Modified to Fight Malaria
June 15th, 2010 There is no vaccine for malaria, which sickens almost a quarter of a billion people each year and kills a child every 30 seconds. That could be changing: researchers at The Rockefeller University have genetically transformed the yellow fever vaccine to prime the immune system to fend off the mosquito borne parasites that cause the [...]
Citizen Science: Birders Contribute Valuable Data on Invasive Plant Species
June 10th, 2010 In an effort to assess ties between birds’ feeding habits and the spread of nonnative invasive plants, researchers provided ornithologists from four U.S. states with questionnaires on daily bird-plant encounters. The 1,143 unique interactions reported by the birders laid the groundwork for a study on the role of native birds in the seed dispersal of [...]
Dinosaur-Chewing Mammals Leave Behind Oldest Known Tooth Marks
June 9th, 2010 Paleontologists have discovered the oldest mammalian tooth marks yet on the bones of ancient animals, including several large dinosaurs. They report their findings in a paper published online June 16 in the journal Paleontology. Nicholas Longrich of Yale University and Michael J. Ryan of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History came across several of the bones [...]
Gene Discovery Potential Key to Cost-Competitive Cellulosic Ethanol
June 5th, 2010 Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory are improving strains of microorganisms used to convert cellulosic biomass into ethanol, including a recent modification that could improve the efficiency of the conversion process. Biofuels researchers and industrials have generated improved mutant microorganisms previously, but authors of a paper in Proceedings of the National Academy [...]